The concept of network has long been very popular. In the reform of the economic system, China once proposed to break the fragmented administrative system and strengthen horizontal ties, Website construction And the development of industrial networks, circulation networks, transportation networks, science and technology networks, cultural networks, etc. between various economic regions. In the education reform, it is also proposed to establish an education network. Today, many organizations or units, such as Sina, Sougu, Zhonghua, People's Daily, China Education and Research, and China Court, also use "net" as their name. In short, the formation and development of various social networks is the result of people's attention to information exchange, a kind of social progress, and an inevitable requirement of the development of market economy and the information age.
The network referred to here is a computer information network, that is, an information system that interconnects computers and specialized equipment in different geographical regions with communication lines into a large scale, powerful function, and can transfer information to each other, and share hardware, software, data information and other resources. In short, a network is a collection of computers connected by cables, telephone lines or wireless communications. The network is the carrier of information. Although the network is composed of various physical devices, these physical devices themselves are not networks. The network is an information space formed by the interconnection of these physical devices in a certain way. It is full of digital signals, from which people can get all kinds of information and data.
Computer network came into being in the 1960s, which is the research result of the US Department of Defense. R&D personnel are committed to establishing a command and control network by connecting several computer devices across the country. They need to confirm that if a part of the network is damaged, whether the damage is due to natural or human factors, the rest of the system can still work. Therefore, the network does not need central control, and other computers online can automatically change any information flow that damages the link point. Soon, the network spread all over the United States and Europe, and connected the United States with Europe, Hawaii and other places. Finally, this WAN developed into today's Internet.
The Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences began to connect to the Internet through international network lines as early as 1987. In 1994, with the dissolution of the "Paris Coordination Commission", the US government lifted the restrictions on the Chinese government's access to the Internet, and China's Internet construction was fully launched. By the end of 1997, China Public Computer Network (ChinaNET), China Education and Research Network (CERNET), China Science and Technology Network (CSTNET) and China Golden Bridge Information Network (ChinaGBN) had established connections with the Internet.
