Internet is the abbreviation of InterNetwork in English, which is called Internet in Chinese. It is the largest and most popular computer Internet in the world today. It originated in the 1960s, when the U.S. military envisioned a control network that connected bases and headquarters in different states to enable them to operate without being attacked. In 1969, Arpa Computer Network came into being. At the beginning, there were only four network sites, distributed in four cities in the United States. By 1977, there were 57, connecting more than 100 computers of all kinds. In order to enable various types of networks to communicate with each other, the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the United States has developed network protocols for the Arpa computer network. The two most important protocols are ICCP and EP protocols.
In the 1980s, with the continuous improvement of the functions of the Arpa computer network, the U.S. government departments realized that the network was not only useful for the defense sector, but also that new technologies played an important role in the development of education and scientific research departments, so they began to allow universities and scientific research institutions to connect to the network. In 1986, the National Science Foundation of the United States established the National Education and Technology Network (NSFnet), which replaced the original Arpa computer network as the backbone of the Internet. The network includes all universities and research institutions. The composition is based on the campus network, and then through the regional network, and then interconnected into a national wide area network. Europe, Japan and other countries also actively developed local networks, which were later interconnected into the Internet. The Arpa computer network ceased to exist in 1989.
In the 1990s, the Internet has been rapidly commercialized. Business network providers and business users have participated in the construction of the Internet, making the Internet have a second leap and the scale of the Internet has developed rapidly. With the addition of computers and local area networks all over the world, the Internet has become a global public network. The Internet Fool's Book, co written by George Robert Levin and others in 1993, describes the scale of the Internet in this way: "When reading that the Internet can span continents instantly, some skeptical readers may point out that Antarctica is also a continent, although the continent's most important residents are penguins, as far as we know, they are not interested in computers. Has the Internet expanded there? In fact, it did get there. There are several computers in the network at the Scottish base in the McMondo Mountains in Antarctica, and the base at the South Pole is also connected to the United States. " It is estimated that there were nearly 200 million Internet users in 2000.
Similar to the United States, in China, at the beginning, only some scientific research departments and colleges and universities carried out international scientific and technological cooperation through Internet networking. China has realized 7CP/IP connection with the Internet and started to provide full function services of the Internet. At present, there are seven Internet export routes in China. They are: CSTNET, Beijing Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS, and Zhongguancun Education and Research Network; CERNET, an education and research network managed by the State Education Commission, and Beijing University of Chemical Technology; The Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications of the People's Republic of China shares the computer Internet CHINANET exports from Beijing and Shanghai, and the Ministry of Information Industry's national public economic information network CHLNAGBN exports.
The Internet has become more and more widely used in China. More and more enterprises, scientific research institutes, institutes and individuals are striding towards the world through the Internet, narrowing the distance with the world, making full use of the convenience brought by the Internet and enjoying high-tech achievements. We have reason to believe that the Internet is an effective way to "let China go to the world and let the world know about China". The Internet will certainly have a huge impetus to China's modernization process.
