1、 General technical and economic characteristics
The exchange of materials at urban nodes must rely on the transport network. Therefore, these logistics channels have the technical and economic characteristics of general transport routes, including transport capacity, transport speed, versatility, continuity, mobility, safety, transport cost, transport energy consumption, capital occupation, labor productivity and other indicators. For website design, the first six indicators are mainly technical performance indicators, while the last four indicators reflect comparative economic characteristics and are specific technical and economic indicators of transportation activities
2、 Special features
The above performance indicators focus on the technical and economic characteristics of general transportation modes, and these indicators have not yet comprehensively reflected the technical and economic characteristics of transportation itself. Through comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of transportation, we can conclude its specific characteristics into the characteristics of location, time and service capacity.
l) Azimuth characteristic
As the exchange place of regional goods, information, etc., cities are the main production and flow places of logistics, and the areas with the most intensive flow of goods in regional economic activities. The distribution of cities reflects the distribution of transportation demand, that is, the direction of transportation. It requires and stipulates the direction of transportation network layout. Different distribution requires different directions of transportation networks. Only by connecting these cities, More logistics can be obtained by reducing the transportation cost of social units through the sharing of transportation networks. Taking the highway transportation network as an example, since the connection with the city was considered at the beginning of highway construction, the highway naturally becomes the transportation route of the city node. The combination of transportation routes in different directions from the expressway service area as the transportation node. The directional characteristics of the transportation network are composed of the specific trend and the order of interconnection between cities. It is determined by the relative geographical and economic position of the city, the location of the expressway service area and the direction of the expressway, and reflects the distribution of social logistics links
2) Time characteristic
The time characteristics of transportation network can be divided into two aspects.
(l) Since the urban nodes served by the container transport network have different transport demand at different stages of their development, different transport routes need to be constructed to adapt to the changes in transport demand of the urban nodes served by the transport network at different stages of development, so the construction of the transport network will undergo phased adjustment and change over time.
(2) For the city nodes served by the transportation network, there will be a service priority in the planning and design of the transportation network. The transportation demand of which city nodes should be prioritized. In addition to the time requirements of the city node itself, the planning and design of the transportation route should comprehensively consider the geographical location of the city node, the relationship between supply and demand and other factors. There will be a combination of service sequences, which reflects the time characteristics of the transportation network
3) Service capability characteristics
Generally, the service capacity of transportation lines is divided into three levels: "speed chain", "value chain" and "batch chain". Speed chain - it requires the ability to meet the needs of different speeds, which can be roughly divided into fast transportation capacity, medium speed transportation capacity, and low-speed container transportation capacity; Value chain - It is required to have the transportation capacity to meet the value of goods of different values or different time values, and it can also be classified as high, medium and low.
Batch chain - It requires the ability to deliver products of different sizes and batches. It can be divided into three types: low frequency delivery of large batches, high frequency delivery of small batches, and maximum frequency delivery of large batches. Generally, the higher the value of goods, the faster the speed of transportation, and the volume of their transportation will also be affected by the speed. Therefore, the capacity requirements of the last two chains can be unified at the level of "speed chain", so the construction of the transportation network must focus on the overall improvement of service capacity.
