What are the basic requirements for IT talents
Source: Shangpin China |
Type: website encyclopedia |
Time: 2015-06-15
According to the responsibilities, status and roles of IT departments in the organization, it can be concluded that the information technology talents they need are still computer professionals, but the requirements for their ability and knowledge structure are different from those of computer science, computer engineering or software engineering talents. In the Professional Specification for Computer Science and Technology (Information Technology Direction) Website construction The characteristics of IT talents are as follows: "With the popularization and application of network technology, as the needs of the information society, a kind of talent demand with obvious characteristics has emerged. This kind of talent undertakes the core task of information construction in various enterprises and institutions. Compared with computer science talents, there is no requirement for them to explore new computing theories or to design complex algorithms; Compared with computer engineering talents, they are not required to understand the details of microprocessor design, nor to have the ability to design new computer systems; Compared with software engineering talents, they are not required to understand system software testing, nor are they expected to participate in large-scale software writing. The core requirement for them is to be able to skillfully apply various software and hardware system knowledge to build optimized information systems. They have a better understanding of the functions and performance of various computer software and hardware systems, are better at system integration and configuration, and are more capable of managing and maintaining the operation of complex information systems. " The Curriculum Guidelines for Undergraduate Degree Programs in Information Technology, jointly developed by ACM (American Computer Society) and IEEE Computer Society, was initiated by the two world's top computer societies since the autumn of 2001. A group of computer educators in American colleges and universities, with the support and cooperation of many American enterprises, have issued this standard after several modifications and practices, and its latest version was published in November 2008 (hereinafter referred to as "IT2008"). In IT2008, the ability and knowledge that information technology graduates should have were elaborated, which reflects the requirements of information society for information technology talents from another aspect. (IT2008) believes that for undergraduate graduates majoring in information technology, their ability and knowledge should meet the requirements of the society for the information technology profession, and the requirements of graduate students who will be promoted to leadership positions or continue to study the discipline should also be considered. Here, the most fundamental ability that information technology graduates should have is integration ability, including the ability to integrate different technologies, and the ability to integrate appropriate technologies and information technology products into the organization. In order to successfully complete these tasks characterized by integration, they must have the following group of 14 related abilities: ·Have the ability to use the computational knowledge and mathematical knowledge suitable for the subject; ·Have the ability to analyze problems, as well as the ability to identify and define the calculation requirements suitable for solving the problem; ·Be able to design, implement and evaluate computer-based systems, processes, components or programs that meet requirements; ·Have the ability to work effectively in the team to achieve common goals; ·Understand the issues and responsibilities related to profession, ethics, law, safety and society; ·Have the ability to communicate effectively with different types of objects; ·Have the ability to analyze the local and global impacts of computing on individuals, organizations and society; ·Recognize the need for career follow-up and be able to participate in continuing vocational education; ·Be able to use the mainstream technologies, skills and tools required in actual calculation; ·Be able to use and apply the mainstream concepts and practical experience of core information technology; ·Be able to identify and analyze users' requirements, and pay attention to users' requirements when selecting, creating, evaluating and managing computer-based systems; ·Have the ability to effectively integrate information technology based solutions into the user environment; ·Understand the best practices of predecessors, relevant standards and their applications; ·Be able to participate in the formulation of effective project plans. Furthermore, according to the professional characteristics of information technology, (IT2008) specially emphasizes the training of information technology personnel (since this is mainly about the training of information technology personnel, we call it "information technology personnel" for the time being, because real information technology personnel must be created on the job, and universities are only the basis for training them) Important qualities: (1) It is necessary to establish a user centered concept, not according to their own wishes, but to help users and (or) organizations achieve their goals, so as to design and integrate IT based solutions. This is because an integrated IT based solution has both technical elements, such as hardware, networking, software and data, It also involves people and business processes. Therefore, in order to succeed, information technology personnel must always pay attention to whether they ignore the importance of users and organizations. In this way, they must play the role of user centered technical means (such as human-computer interaction, human factors, ergonomics, cognitive psychology, etc.), know the business actions and business processes that the solution needs to support, and realize that it is not always purely technical solutions that can solve problems. In fact, many problems of users and organizations can be solved through non purely technical solutions, such as increasing training or business process reengineering. (2) Information security and safety. The information technology application system and the data and information stored in it are the most important assets owned by an organization, so it is vital to ensure that these assets are properly protected. In this way, when selecting, creating, integrating, developing and managing IT systems, system security is a key factor that must be considered. Although security considerations are important for anyone engaged in computing, they are particularly important for information technology personnel. This is because the place where security is most likely to be damaged is the different parts of the system interface (because this is the interface between different networked computers) or the interface between the user and other parts of the system. The work of information technology personnel is to integrate various components (some of which may be outsourced components or existing components left over from the past). A large number of professional activities take place on the interfaces of these components. Therefore, they are always aware of the possibility of security destruction, Only in this way can the solutions designed by information technology personnel greatly reduce the risks of the above assets of the organization. (3) Information technology personnel should have the ability to effectively control the complexity of the system: have the ability to abstract and model, can use the best practices and patterns of predecessors, adopt standards, and can use appropriate tools. This is because information technology based solutions are usually faced with problems or opportunities arising in a complex environment. In addition, set based The solution itself often makes the already complex environment more complex. Therefore, information technology personnel must have the ability to control such a complex situation, and be able to focus their attention on those aspects that are most relevant to users and at the same time within users' expectations. The most appropriate tool for dealing with complexity is abstraction. Therefore, information technology personnel must improve their ability to use abstract tools to build appropriate models for complex situations that require solutions and necessary integration. It should be noted that abstraction is a necessary ability for computer, software and information technology talents, and mathematics is the most important abstraction tool. The so-called "abstraction" here refers to a simplified description of a thing or a system so that the outside world can focus on the essence of the thing or system and ignore its details. Obviously, there is an essential difference between this and another kind of derogatory connotation of "abstraction", such as "pretending to be mysterious", "divorced from reality", "empty", etc. (4) In terms of a series of comprehensive information technology, communication technology and related tools involved in problem solving, the ability range of information technology personnel should be broad. At the same time, information technology personnel must have corresponding skills and knowledge in order to properly use various technologies. This requires broad capabilities in core information technologies, including programming, Web, information management, computer hardware and network, human-computer interaction, etc. Information technologists must also recognize that it is rare to design and build a solution from scratch. An information technology based solution is usually built by using some pre designed components, which also include the legacy application components that the organization has already used and that are shared. Therefore, information technology personnel must be able to use their expertise or skills to organically integrate existing technologies and information technology products with new technologies and information technology products. (5) Adaptability. The adaptability of information technology personnel must be very strong. Part of the reason for such a high demand for adaptability is that information technology itself is changing rapidly. Many technologies that have been mastered now may become obsolete in a few years, so information technology personnel must develop the habit of lifelong learning. On the other hand, few organizations can afford to update all technologies and IT products regularly and in batches. Many information technology application systems are actually a "hodgepodge" of outdated, popular and emerging technologies and products. Therefore, successful information technology personnel should not only be happy to be familiar with emerging technologies and information technology products, but also be happy to be familiar with outdated technologies and information technology products when necessary. (6) Professionalism. The position of information technology personnel will be at all levels of an organization, so they must show the highest level of professionalism. Professional spirit includes lifelong learning, professional development, ethics and responsibility, plus interpersonal skills. These qualities determine the first impression that information technology personnel give to organizations and the public. (7) Interpersonal skills. Information technology based solutions are developed by teams, which usually include many people with different backgrounds, knowledge, skills and values. Therefore, information technology personnel must enable themselves to play an effective role in such a diverse team, which requires them to have good interpersonal skills, It includes effective oral expression ability, written expression ability, demonstration ability and listening ability. In addition, since information technology personnel often play the role of "interface" between users and technicians, they must make themselves capable of translating user language into technical language and technical language into user language. Next, they need to be able to appreciate other functions of the organization, understand the organization's culture, respect and appreciate the diversity of the population, As well as being able to tolerate and appreciate other people's different views and ways of doing things when problems or opportunities arise.
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