Enterprise Management and Enterprise Computing
Source: Shangpin China |
Type: website encyclopedia |
Time: 2015-06-15
By applying computer technology to improve management, enterprises have effectively reduced costs and increased Website production Production efficiency and market competitiveness were significantly enhanced. With the steady progress of enterprise informatization, Lenovo, Haier, FAW and other typical enterprises with relatively successful application of information technology have emerged. The accurate control and management of industrial production process is realized through the application of information technology, which effectively promotes the energy conservation and emission reduction of traditional energy intensive industries.
The following focuses on information technology and information systems that play an important role in enterprise management and enterprise computing.
1. ERP system
With the continuous advancement of informatization process, the core business information systems of most enterprises have been developed internally for many years. Each system has its own files and databases, which are loosely integrated. In the 1990s, enterprises tried to integrate their heritage information system, but the effect was not good. Ideally, enterprises should redevelop their core business application system to make it a single integrated information system. However, few enterprises have enough resources to try this approach. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) provides a solution to this problem.
ERP system is a large-scale unified application program that integrates many transaction processing and information system application characteristics. Enterprises can use ERP system to integrate the processes and activities executed by different functional departments, such as accounting, sales, manufacturing and inventory management. ERP system integrates these separated applications by using a database shared by all applications. When the customer service representative accepts an order, the order content is entered into the public database, and other application functions are used immediately as needed. The ERP system works in real time, the database is updated when changes occur, and any People can use the latest status to manage their own business parts.
2. Supply Chain Management
The Internet and B2B e-commerce have permanently changed the relationship among manufacturers, suppliers and customers. They constitute a supply chain. The cooperation and integration among the three parties are replacing the original hierarchical relationship. The reason for this change is that information technology has made it possible, and also because many enterprises are forced to improve the way they receive, dispose of or distribute goods and materials. At present, many enterprises are trying to:
- Minimize inventory M without affecting delivery;
- Reduce the cost of maintaining existing goods
- Reduce the number of supplements;
- Reduce the transportation costs related to the delivery of goods;
- Eliminate activities that do not add value to the company or customers.
At the same time, enterprises are also reconsidering the way they interact with suppliers, or the role that enterprises play as suppliers. The supply chain of an enterprise refers to the flow of components, accessories, materials, funds and information between the enterprise and its suppliers as well as between the enterprise and its customers. Supply chain management refers to the supervision of the activities of interconnected suppliers and buyers. Supply chain management involves a large number of activities, including the source of components, accessories, materials and services, the production of goods, the distribution of finished products, and the interaction with buyers (consumers in some cases) during sales. Any link in the supply chain will affect the cost, transaction time and quality. Supply chain management software helps enterprises establish contacts with suppliers, distributors and retailers across the enterprise to change the way enterprises carry out daily business. This kind of software can help enterprises to change their activities in all stages of manufacturing and selling products, so that enterprises can implement these activities more effectively, thus benefiting all parties. An excellent supply chain management system tries to balance supply chain and demand. Therefore, the system should analyze the entire supply chain (from the initial supplier to the final buyer), not just the needs of an enterprise. Good supply chain practice mainly considers the interaction of supply chain members and tries to produce results beneficial to all participating enterprises and their customers.
3. Customer relationship management
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is a system to manage the relationship between enterprises and customers, to maximize customer value. CRM originates from the new business model of "customer-centric". CRM provides comprehensive and personalized customer information to the sales, marketing and service departments of the enterprise, strengthens the tracking service and information analysis ability, so that the staff of these departments can cooperate to establish and maintain a series of effective one-to-one relationships with customers and partners, so that the enterprise can provide more efficient and thoughtful quality services; Improve customer satisfaction, maintain and attract more customers.
CRM was first proposed by Gartner Group in the United States. Since 1997, the global CRM market has been growing rapidly, with an annual growth rate of more than 50%. Geographically, North America is the largest market for CRM, followed by Western Europe. From the perspective of industry, most CRM solution suppliers do not limit their products to a single industry market, but are distributed in many industries, such as manufacturing Industry, insurance industry, financial industry and high-tech industry. At present, the CRM application industry in China is dominated by the industries with strong economic strength and high informatization degree, such as posts and telecommunications, finance, etc.
4. Enterprise Application Integration
Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) combines the processes, software, hardware and standards of enterprise information systems, so that networked applications can effectively share resources and data, and achieve overall interoperability. It is a logical environment that supports new or changed enterprise deployments. Here, "enterprise" refers to organizations including governments, social groups, various industries, etc. Therefore, the concept and method of enterprise application integration can be used in a variety of organizations.
EAI connects resources or applications to enable business activities to share resources and processes. This connection can be divided into four types.
- Database connection: share and copy information through a database.
- Application connection: multiple application systems of an enterprise share business processes and data.
- Data warehouse: extract data from different data sources for centralized analysis.
- Public virtual system: combines all aspects of enterprise computing to form a unified application system.
Now, EAI has developed from early application to application or point-to-point connection to various activities and processing capabilities required to support business, making interaction and communication decisions not only in a single application, but also in an integrated and controlled environment. In the logical set of interactive management, EAI can generate new functions and systems based on existing data and processes.
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