Overview of operating system functions
Source: Shangpin China |
Type: website encyclopedia |
Time: June 30, 2014
The main functions of the operating system are: processor management, memory management, device management, file management and user interface. Each function is realized through a group of related programs, which are completely combined to form website Operating system. As a comprehensive management software, the operating system can put all the software and hardware resources of the computer system, user programs and data under unified management and control. Users can manipulate and use computers in a rather simple way through the operating system. (1) Processor management It is mainly about the dynamic management of the central processing unit (CPU). In essence, it is about the management of the processor at one time, that is, how to allocate the CPU to each task reasonably. Anyone who has used a computer knows that a computer can run multiple programs at the same time. For example, you can edit documents while listening to music. You can also search for the required information on the Internet at the same time. Nowadays, most of them are PCs with only one CPU. Any program can only run if it occupies the CPU, and it needs to run multiple programs on the computer. When each program uses the CPU, it needs to allocate cooperation reasonably. The exploration system has corresponding lubrication algorithms for processor allocation, which are all completed by the operating system. (2) Storage management Essentially, it is the management of storage space, mainly referring to the management of memory. Memory marker is used to store program and data. Only the strange sequence installed in the main memory can compete with the CPU. Therefore, when running the multipass program at intervals. The operating system is responsible for how to store them in order, without interference, and make full and reasonable use of limited space. The memory is mainly allocated to the main memory child X city according to the requirements of the user program. When multiple programs share limited memory resources, the operating system will allocate memory space for k programs according to a certain allocation principle, so that the user's right order and data are separated from each other, do not interfere with each other and destroy each other. When the work of a user program ends, the occupied main memory area should be recovered in time so that other programs can be installed. In addition. The operating system uses the shift memory technology to combine internal and external memory for joint management. (3) Equipment management Device management is responsible for managing other hardware resources in the computer system except CPU and main memory. When using the device on January 1, for example, to use a printer, just click the printer button to transfer the content to the printer for background printing. All of this is because the operating system makes it easy to read and use external devices. The current processing work is not finished yet, so the management of devices is also very important. The operation system burns the mouth of the equipment mainly in the following two aspects. 1. It provides the interface between users and peripherals. The user only needs to apply to the operating system through the link disk command or strange order, and then the device borrowing program in the operating system will implement the allocation, startup, recovery and fault handling of external devices. 2. In order to improve the efficiency and utilization of the equipment, the operating system also adopts the r level impulse technology and various technologies of the skin device to make the peripherals and processors work in parallel as far as possible, so as to solve the contradiction between the fast CPU and the strange speed peripherals. (4) Document management File management is the management of software information in computer system by operating system. This function is usually completed by the file system in the polar system. The file system consists of files, Ganli file software and corresponding data structures. For each user, the file operation is a household. Click to access the file only to know the location and file name. Sometimes users can set permissions to prevent their files from being seen by outsiders. All the work behind the scenes is done by the operating system. Users only need to use the file name to operate the file. The operating system stores logically complete information resources (programs and data) in the form of files on external memory (such as disks, tapes, etc.), and gives them a name, called files. File management effectively supports file storage, retrieval and modification, solves file sharing, confidentiality and protection problems, and provides a convenient user interface to enable users to access files by name. It is not necessary to consider how the file is saved and the stored keys, but also require users to use the file according to the steps specified by the operating system. (5) User interface Users interact with the computer through the user interface provided by the operating system. General photographic systems provide graphical user interfaces and command interfaces. The graphical user interface adopts a graphical operation interface, and uses various icons that are very easy to identify to show the system's full functions, various applications and files in a remote manner. Users can complete the operation of corresponding programs and files through mouse, menu and dialog box. The command interface allows the user to use the computer interactively. When a command is entered, the system responds and returns the result. The user reports the result and then snaps the next command, and so on. Window, click Run in the Start menu to release the executable command. In addition, the operating system provides system lubrication for programmers. Each system lubrication is a subroutine that can complete specific functions, which facilitates the development of application programs without having to start all functions from scratch.
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