Why to use php? Experience in making php websites
Source: Shangpin China |
Type: website encyclopedia |
Date: July 20, 2012
outline ● Know PHP Website production ● PHP design experience – Why use a template – Why use the database interface – What is PEAR – PHP + MySQL4.1s
2. Know PHP ● Cross platform web programming language ● What PHP can do ● A large number of OpenSource suites
3 Cross platform PHP ● LAMP – Linux + Apache + MySQL + PHP ● Almost all Linux Dist presets have these kits ● WAMP – Windows + Apache + MySQL + PHP ● Rapid environment establishment – Appserv – Easyphp ● PHP For IIS
4 What PHP can do ● Server-side scripting – Web programming ● Command line scripting – Use PHP to write shell scripts ● Client-side GUI applications – PHP-GTK
5. A large number of OpenSource suites (1) ● Forum: – phpBB2 ● CMS – Xoops – Mambo,Joomla – PhpNuke – postnuke ● Calender – PHP iCalendar – phpCalendar – EasyPHPCalendar
6. A large number of OpenSource suites (2)
● Groupware – Egroupware – DotProject – Phpgroupware ● List – PHPList ● Webmail – Squirrelmail ● Blog – WordPress – Plog
7 Questions for beginners
● The code is written directly in HTML – Most of the books on the market use this as teaching – Most PHP books on the market do not mention the prototype system – Get used to outputting data directly with echo ● Not familiar with HTML – Use of cross row and cross column tables – Form design – When to use POST and GET ● Not used to working in register_globals=Off ● Unfamiliarity with error messages – Fear of English?
8 To what extent is not a novice?
● Clearly understand the difference between the Server side and the Client side ● Clearly understand the significance of register_globals setting ● Do not confuse the difference between logical judgment and variable value assignment
● Clearly understand the relationship and difference between POST and GET, COOKIE and Session ● Basic error messages can be interpreted ● Basic HTML analysis capability – Common TAG analysis and parameter use – TABLE tag structure analysis
9PHP design experience
● PHP programming standards ● Several advanced courses can be considered for learning – Establish a standard archive structure – Be familiar with at least one sample program – Using the database interface – Use PEAR more often ● MySQL4.1 – Sub-Select – Impact of Charset
10 Establish a standard archive structure
● You should establish a standard archive directory structure – Where should I put the library? – Where should the sample be placed? – Plug in? – Is there a website profile? – Is there a management interface? ● Refer to several current OpenSource CMS – Xoops, phpbb2, mambo, etc ● Can be simple, not complex
11PHP Programming Standards
● Benefits of setting project programming standards – Variables, objects and functions have fixed naming methods – The program style of the project is unified, reducing the maintenance complexity ● Do not change standards arbitrarily for ongoing projects – Standard setting should be decided at the beginning of the project – The standard setting should be discussed and decided by the project participants ● Design standard data available for reference – PHP programming standards
12Beyond PHP programming standards (1)
● The method that should be used when building the entire website – Use at least three-tier programming ● Presentation layer - actual output html ● Logic layer - handler flow ● Data processing layer - processing data access
– Use MVC (Model View Controller) to build your website - Function, do not output data directly in the object ● Try to use the return $html method
13 Beyond PHP programming standards (2)
● Should echo or printf be used? – Use echo to output general strings – Output strings containing variables with printf ● printf('a href='%s' target='%s'>%s</a>',$url,$target,$name); ● printf('a href='%s' target='%s'>%s</a>',array($url,$target,$name)); – Use sprintf when creating SQL syntax ● $SQL = sprintf('Select * from %s where ID = %s',$tableName,$id);
14 Be familiar with at least one sample program
● Why do you want to use a template? ● Two sets of sample programs recommended by me – Smarty – TBS
15 Why do you want to use the template?
● Don't let today's program become the burden of tomorrow's maintenance ● Art design is no longer worried about pages that are all code ● Programming is no longer worried about programs that are all HTML Tags ● Website design revision will be easy
16 Code without template
Code using templates
Web page template file
Officially recommended Smarty
● Sample engine recommended by Smarty for PHP – //smarty.php.net ● Smarty uses pre compiled templates – Fast ● Smarty can directly assign objects, arrays, etc ● Smarty provides global variables – $smarty.get , $smarty.post ,$smarty.server ● Smarty can directly output static pages for cache ● Smarty supports the use of plug-in modules – SmartyValidate
20 Lightweight Smarty lite
● It is more suitable for simple template demand environment ● Faster than Smarty ● Less system memory requirements ● Less functions than Smarty - Unable to assign object – Less filters before, during and after output – The mode of sample saving to database is not supported
21 Small and powerful TBS
● TBS – TinyButStrong – //www.tinybutstrong.com ● WYSIWYG prototype engine ● Support Cache ● Direct access to database display data – $TBS->MergeBlock('blk1',$cnx_id,'select *from t_country',$p_size,$p_num,$nbr_rec);
22 Why do I use the database interface?
● To write PHP programs for common databases ● More convenient database function ● Reduce the complexity of programming
23ADOdb
● Lower the learning threshold for Windows programmers – Some interfaces are designed like Microsoft's ADO ● Support multiple databases – MySQL,PgSQL,Oracle,MSSQL etc...... ● Many convenient methods are added to make programming easier – SelectLimit
– PageExecute,AtfirstPage,AtLastPage,Absolut ePage – getInsertSQL,getUpdateSQL,autoExecute ● Database cache, the same data does not need to read the database again – CacheExecute – CachePageExecute 24
ADOdb-lite
● ADOdb lite is a compact version of ADOdb ● Database support is almost equal ● Many functions provided by ADOdb are missing ● It also reduces the consumption of many system memories
25ADOdb development example
● Design paging function – There are many applications of paging function ● Message board, discussion area, data list, order list etc – $rs = $db->PageExecute($sql,$onePageStep,$_GET['page']); if(!$rs->AtFirstPage()){ ...//Perform the connection output of the previous page } if(!$rs->AtLastPage()){ ...//Perform the next page of connection output }
26 What is PEAR
● PHP Extension and Application Repository – //pear.php.net/ – Perl like CPAN – Provide installation program and update upgrade program pear ● A total of 31 categories of program packages are available – Common ones like Database HTML Mail Networking
27 Install the kit provided by pear
● Common pear commands
● Dependent kits will be prompted during installation and removal
28 Several useful PEAR kits
● HTML class – HTML_QuickForm – HTML_Table – Pager ● XML class – XML_RSS – XML_sql2xml – XML_Tree ● Mail – Mail – Mail_Queue
● PHP class – PHPUnit – PhpDocumentor ● Services – Services_Delicious – Services_Yahoo
29MySQL4.1
● MySQL 4.1 will be preset for Linux Dist in the near future ● Advantages of MySQL 4.1 – Support Sub Select – More complete multi lingual support – Faster ● MySQL has Query Cache function since 4. x ● What is the difference between MySQL 4.1 and MySQL 4.1? – Trigger – Stored Procedures
30MySQL Subqueries
● MySQL 4.1 has no Subqueries before ● Subqueries benefits – SQL syntax is more concise – More ways to query ● Please don't hesitate to use this convenient function! ● Official documents
– //dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/subqueri es.html
31 What about Trigger and Stored Procedures?
● MySQL 4. x has no Trigger and Stored Procedures ● Trigger will be supported in MySQL 5 ● Stored Procedures will not be supported until MySQL 5 – However, MySQL 5 is still in the beta stage – But some websites have been used
32 Make MySQL Faster
● Don't forget to adjust your my.cnf – /etc/my.cnf – Please refer to the example under/usr/share/mysql ● Don't waste query_cache ● Use EXPLAIN to analyze your SQL syntax
33 FAQs when updating to MySQL 4.1
● Why are my data captured ● Why are all the garbled codes in phpMyAdmin2. 6 ● Why are all databases using myqldump garbled
34 Everything is a disaster caused by the support of multi lingual systems
● Database and client codes need to be set after 4.1 – Set the default language of the database ● /etc/my.cnf – [mysqld] – default-character-set=utf8 – character-set-server = utf8 – collation-server = utf8_general_ci ● If the system runs utf8 – init_connect='SET NAMES utf8′ – default-character-set = utf8 – default-collation = utf8_general_ci – Please set the client code after PHP connects to MySQL ● Send 'set names utf8' after database connection – $db->Execute('SET NAMES utf8'); – mysql_query('SET NAMES utf8');
Do you have to use UTF8?
● UTF8 is not necessary ● Database or data table code designation ● Database – CREATE DATABASE `MyTABLE` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET big5 COLLATE big5_chinese_ci; ● Data sheet – CREATE TABLE `myTable` ( – ..... etc .... – ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=big5 ; ● Try to make the server and client use the same Char – If different Character MySQL will try to help the conversion – For example, the same set of database data (utf8) – Clients of big5 and gb2312 are provided at the same time ● However, some conversions will fail, so there will be such problems as missing words or?? Generation 36
Export and import language system settings
● Most people will use mysqldump to backup data – Before MySQL 4.1, you could not specify a language family – You must specify a language family in mysql4.1 – mysqldump -u root -p --default-character-set=big5 my Table ● Re import data – Please also add language family settings
– mysql --default-character-set=big5 -u root -p < myTa ble.sql
37 Website and Reference Articles (1)
● PHP – //www.php.net ● Smarty – //smarty.php.net – Smarty-Lite
● //www.paullockaby.com/projects/smarty-lig ht/ ● PEAR – //pear.php.net ● TBS – TinyButStrong – //www.tinybutstrong.com
38 Website and Reference Articles (2)
● ADOdb – //adodb.sf.net – ADOdb-lite ● //adodblite.sf.net/ ● MySQL – //www.mysql.com ● Chinese reference website – //www.twpug.net – //www.php5.idv.tw
39PHP Command line scripting
● If you haven't learned how to write Shell Script ● If you are like me, you are basically familiar with PHP
● Maybe you can consider writing Command line scripting in PHP
40PHP Command line scripting
● What you need – Executable PHP execution file ● For example, Mandriva is a package that provides php cli – And you need to know where the executive file is located ● Mandriva in/usr/bin/php ● How? – Just like web applications ● Syntax, available functions and output are the same
41PHP Command line scripting
● How? – Execute directly [shell #] PHP ScriptFileName – Add # at the beginning of the file/ usr/bin/php -q ● Keep chmod+x files ● What else should I pay attention to? – Path of the include during execution ● It is recommended that such files use the absolute path include ● Especially when the script is to be put into crontab – The output of the program may need to remove html
42 How to go further?
● Framework learning ● Purpose of the Framework – Simplify the development process – Accelerate efficiency – Focus on the logic of the program, not on technical issues. ● Disadvantages of Framework – Learning curve is too long – Beginners learn the Framework and easily ignore basic technologies
43 Several recommended frameworks
● CakePHP – Refer to Ruby on Rails – Lighter than other framewords ● php. MVC – Refer to Java Struts ● Currently, Leduo blog (Blog. yam. com) is used ● Seagull – Using the PEAR library ● PRADO – Zend's award-winning work, event driven model – Only PHP5 This article was published by Beijing Website Construction Company Shangpin China //ihucc.com/
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