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What is a computer operating system

Source: Shangpin China | Type: website encyclopedia | Time: June 16, 2014
Computer system is composed of hardware system and software system. Computer hardware is a physical device that can be seen and touched, and computer software is a collection of programs, data and related documents. All parts of the computer system work together in a hierarchical structure. The rough hierarchical division is shown in Figure 3-32.

Operating System (OS) is the soul of the whole computer system, and also the bottom layer Website Design The system software is responsible for managing, dispatching, commanding the software and hardware resources in the computer system and coordinating their work. The operating system can be divided into core part (kernel) and non core part.
All parts of the computer system work together in a hierarchical structure
Early computers had no operating system. When a user uses a separate machine, he or she will take a Punch Card or punched paper tape with programs and data to operate the machine. After reading the program into the machine, the machine will start to work until the program stops. Because the program inevitably contains errors, the machine often crashes halfway. In the process of program execution, it is generally debugged through the switch and status light of the control board. It is said that Turing can operate the model machine of Mark I machine (the first stored program electronic computer in the world) very skillfully in this way. Early operating systems were very diverse. Manufacturers produced operating systems for their own hardware. Each operating system had its own different command mode, operation process and debugging tools, even though they came from the same manufacturer. What best reflects this situation is that every new machine produced by the manufacturer will be equipped with a new set of operating systems. This situation lasted until the 1960s when IBM developed System/36. Up to now, although these machines have obvious differences in performance, they have a unified operating system - S/360.

With the development of computer technology, there have been many operating systems, such as CP/M-86, MS-DOS UNIX, Solaris, System V, Mac OS, z/OS, Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8, etc. Some have disappeared, others have been continuously improved and introduced new versions, and some new operating systems are also emerging. At present, different operating systems are running on different types of machines, UNIX, Windows, Linux, etc. are the most widely used operating systems.
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