Founded in 1956, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences is the only national academic center of medical science and comprehensive medical science research institution in China. Peking Union Medical College (hereinafter referred to as the school) was founded by the Rockefeller Foundation in 1917. It is the first key medical college with eight year clinical medicine and undergraduate nursing education in China. Successive leaders of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the state have shown great concern and support for the development of the institutions.